HOMESTEAD SCHOOLS, INC. 23800 HAWTHORNE BLVD., SUITE 200 TORRANCE, CA 9050 Tel. (310) 791-9975 / Fax (310) 791-0135

Drug-Free Schools and Campuses Regulation Schools

Homestead Schools has adopted and implemented a program “to prevent the

unlawful possession, use, or distribution of illicit drugs and alcohol

by students and employees” both on the institution’s premises

and as part of any of its activities in order to comply with the

Drug-Free Schools and Campuses Regulations

For questions, more information, and immediate assistance, please refer your concern to:

Homestead Schools Student Counseling Service (310) 791-9975

Print Date: April 2010

Table of Contents

Regulation Requirements

1. Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) must certify that they have an Alcohol and Other Drug (AOD) Prevention Program
2. IHEs must provide a copy of their biennial report to the US Department of Education
3. IHEs must notify all students and employees annually of certain information. The notification must include the following:
1. standards of conduct that clearly prohibits, at a minimum, the unlawful possession, use, or distribution of illicit drugs and alcohol by students and employees
2. A list of possible legal sanctions and penalties under federal, state, or local laws for the unlawful possession or distribution of illicit drugs and alcohol.
3. A description or statement of the health risk associated with the abuse of alcohol or use of illicit drugs.
4. A list of drug and alcohol programs (counseling, treatment, rehabilitation, and re-entry) that are available to students, staff and faculty.
5. A clear statement that the IHE will impose a disciplinary sanctions on students and employees for violations of the standards of conduct and a description of those sanctions, up to and including expulsion or termination of employment and referral for prosecution.

4. IHEs must make the notification in writing and in a manner that ensures all students and employees receive it
5. Every two (2) years, an IHE must conduct a review of its AOD program to determine effectiveness and the consistency of sanction enforcement, in order to identify and implement necessary changes. This may include but not limited to:
1. program inventories
2. policy inventories
3. enforcement analyses
4. supporting documentation for each of the above categories such as descriptions or copies of the programs and policies, procedures for annual notifications, and descriptions of and supporting documentation for the means of assessing program effectiveness and enforcement consistency
   (Campus often call together a broad-based task force or committee to conduct this review)
• IHEs must retain all records related to DFSCA compliance for three (3) years

Homestead Schools program complies with the regulations such as:

1. Annual notification for each employee and student, in writing, of standards of conduct, a description of appropriate sanctions for violation of federal, state, and local law and campus policy, a description of health risks associated with AOD use, and a description of available treatment programs
2. Method for distributing annual notification information to every student and staff each year.
3. Biennial report on the effectiveness of its AOD programs and the consistency of sanction enforcement
   - Must be completed and on file by December 31 and the report should cover the previous two academic years.

Annual Notification

1. Standards of Conduct
2. Legal Sanctions
3. Health Risks
4. Disciplinary Sanctions
5. Distribution of the Annual Notification
1. Distribution to Students
1. During orientation, advising sessions, in classes
2. Incorporating into student handbook and school catalog
3. Published on school website
2. Distribution to Employees
1. Enclose it once a year with employees’ paychecks
2. Enclose it with the annual W-2 form
3. Include in faculty and staff handbook

Biennial Review

To be conducted by the task force or committee comprised of a broad representation of campus constituents – AOD prevention and education organizations, counseling services, campus law enforcement, and student affairs offices.

Contents:

1. Description of the AOD program elements
2. Statement of AOD program goals and a discussion of goal achievement
3. Summaries of AOD program strengths and weaknesses
4. Procedures for distributing annual AOD notification to students and employees
5. Copies of the policies distributed to students and employees
6. Recommendations for revising AOD programs

Homestead Schools Alcohol and Other Drug Policy

Introduction

This policy addresses the legal and responsible use of alcohol. It addresses the academic, health, personal and safety risks associated with alcohol and other drug use through education, services and resources that focus on prevention of alcohol and other drug abuse. Through wide dissemination of this policy, the school community will be informed of its contents, as required by the Drug-Free Workplace and Drug-Free Schools and Campuses Act.

It is a goal of the school to provide a safe, productive, and healthy environment in which all members of the school community can learn, work, and grow from a wealth of different school experiences. The school is determined to establish and maintain working, living, and learning conditions that are free from the negative effects of alcohol and other drug abuse. The school recognizes that the misuse or abuse of any drug can be detrimental to the health, safety, learning, and well-being of individuals as well as the school community. Therefore, in compliance with the U.S. Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 and the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act Amendments of 1989, the school offers substance abuse prevention programs for its students and employees and will identify resources and provide assistance and support for those who have, developed or are in recovery from problems with AODs

The illegal or abusive use of alcohol and/or other drugs by students, faculty or staff adversely affects school’s commitment to provide an environment of excellence in teaching, research and learning. As members of the school community, we all share in the responsibility for creating and maintaining a healthy and productive environment for work and study alike. With this responsibility comes the obligation to be involved in preventing problems caused by the abuse of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs.

Homestead Schools comprehensive approach to addressing substance abuse emphasizes:

1. Taking effective steps to create and maintain a drug-free workplace and educational environment for students, faculty and staff.
2. Providing continual prevention, education and counseling services along with referrals to off-campus treatment facilities as appropriate.
3. Encouraging individuals who are experiencing problems associated with alcohol and/or other drugs or chemical dependency to seek assessment, counseling and/or treatment voluntarily with the understand¬ing that this assistance is confidential and will not be used against them.

Legal Requirements

School’s policy on alcohol and other drug use respects all legal requirements including, but not limited to:

1. Federal and California controlled substance laws, as well as other administrative regulations concerning alcohol and other drugs.
2. The Drug–Free Workplace Act of 1988 sets forth special requirements for employees on federal contracts and grants. It requires the school to provide notice of a conviction for a violation of any criminal drug statute occurring in the workplace by an employee engaged in the performance of work under federal contract or grant; and to report to the funding agency within ten calendar days after notice from an employee of a conviction for a violation of any drug statute occurring in the workplace.
3. California Drug Free Workplace Law. Employees or contractors of any state agency are prohibited from the unlawful manufacture, distribution, dispensation, possession or use of a controlled substance as defined in the Controlled Substances Act. The employer or contractor must publish a statement regarding the prohibition and any sanctions that will be imposed and establish a drug-free awareness program.
4. Federal and California controlled substance laws, as well as other administrative regulations concerning alcohol and other drugs.

Laws and Regulations

1. Students, employees, and school visitors are may not consume, possess, distribute, or be under the influence of alcoholic beverages on school property or while on school business.
2. Students and employees who have attained the legal drinking age of twenty-one (21) years of age may possess and consume alcoholic beverages only at approved school functions. Those under twenty-one (21) years of age are not permitted to consume or possess alcoholic beverages at any time.
3. Students, employees and visitors are prohibited from dispensing, selling or supplying alcoholic beverages to a person under the legal drinking age.
4. Employees, students, and campus visitors aged twenty-one (21) years or older, consuming alcohol at school functions or while on school business, where such use is approved, are expected to use alcohol responsibly and not engage in illegal, unprofessional, or disruptive behavior.
5. The purchase, possession, or consumption of any alcoholic beverages (including beer and wine) by any person under the age of 21 is prohibited. Alcoholic beverages will not be provided to individuals under 21 years of age.
6. The selling, either directly or indirectly, of alcoholic beverages (including beer and wine) is prohibited. This includes selling cups, mixes, ice, tickets for admission, required donations, etc.
7. The act(s) of being drunk and disorderly in public view, including on public sidewalks and walkways, is prohibited.
8. The consumption of alcoholic beverages in school areas of academic facilities, recreation fields, school corridors and lounges. Is prohibited
9. Operating a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol is prohibited. The possession of an alcoholic beverage in any open container in a motor vehicle is prohibited regardless of who is driving and whether one is intoxicated.
10. Behavior that is disruptive or abusive to others as a result of using intoxicants will not be tolerated.
11. Faculty and staff who wish to host an event where alcohol will be served on any property owned or leased by the school must comply with the terms as established by the college by submitting an approval form to the administration seven (7) business days prior to the event, for review.
12. Students and student organizations who want to hold an event where alcohol is served or present while on the school premise owned or at off-campus college-sponsored events must submit an approval format least 21 days before the event for review.
13. No postings, promotions, ticket sales, and announcements may be made, placed or distributed that mention, make reference to, allude to or depict alcohol; promote, invite or encourage alcohol consumption; or mention or allude to the amount of alcohol to be served or consumed at a particular school event.
14. Funding, donations, give-aways and other remuneration for school events and activities by the manufacturers, distributors or sellers of alcohol are prohibited without written authorization.
15. Any member of the school community who violates this policy is subject to both prosecution and punishment under federal, state and local laws and to disciplinary proceedings by the school.
16. The school reserves the right to hold students accountable, regardless of age, for being intoxicated. Behavioral symptoms frequently associated with intoxication will be considered in determining intoxication. These symptoms may include, but are not limited to, the following: impaired motor skill coordination, difficulty communicating, vomiting, glazed/red eyes, the smell of alcohol on one’s breath, verbal and/or physical aggressiveness, destructive and/or disruptive behavior, and engaging in any behavior which may endanger oneself or others. Members of the school community are further prohibited from performing employment duties or participating in classes and student activities while impaired due to the effects of AOD consumption, regardless of whether such impairment rises to the level of intoxication.
17. Students should be aware that the school may notify their parents or legal guardians if the school determines that their use or consumption of alcohol or other drugs posses a threat to their health or safety.
18. Students, employees, and visitors are prohibited from possessing, consuming, manufacturing, dispensing, or being under the influence of illegal drugs or engaging in improper self-medication while on school property or business.
19. The use of tobacco, retail sale and commercial distribution of tobacco and tobacco products in all enclosed school buildings and facilities.
20. The Funding, donations, give-aways and other remuneration for school events and activities by the manufacturers, distributors or sellers of tobacco and tobacco products are prohibited.
21. Possession, use, manufacture, distribution or sale of illegal drugs and drug paraphernalia is prohibited.
22. Unlawful distribution, abuse of prescription drugs, use of prescription drugs without a prescription is prohibited.

Violations and Sanction

This policy is not designed to punish people for seeking rehabilitation. All information about those individuals who voluntarily avail themselves of drug or alcohol counseling or rehabilitation services will remain confidential. Seeking counseling or rehabilitation will not be used as a basis for disciplinary action or be used against an individual in any way.

School employees and students who violate this policy shall be informed about and referred to services to assist them in determining whether they are abusing drugs and alcohol or are chemically dependent. If a problem is found to exist, the individual will be referred to resources to assist him/her in overcoming the drug or alcohol abuse pattern. This referral or assessment shall not limit the school's ability to pursue appropriate disciplinary action, up to and including termination or expulsion, when an employee or student has violated this policy or any other school policy.

School Sanctions

Any faculty, staff, administrator or other employee who violates the policy on alcohol and other drugs shall be subject to corrective or disciplinary action up to and including the possibility of dismissal, in accordance with, and only as permitted by school policies and state and federal law.

Any student who violates the policy on alcohol and other drugs shall be subject to corrective action, such as participation in a substance abuse program or other counseling, or disciplinary action up to and including the possibility of dismissal from the institution.

Violation of school policies and rules will be subject to campus disciplinary review and action, as follows:

Students

Disciplinary action will be taken by the school and may include sanctions ranging from formal reprimand to permanent dismissal, in addition to counseling and/or referral to a substance abuse educational/ intervention program.

Students who violate AOD laws or campus regulations while on the school owned or leased property or at off-campus, College-sponsored events are subject to a variety of sanctions which may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: written warnings; fines; required participation in AOD educational programs; community service; parental notification; loss of school privileges; referral for substance abuse evaluation or treatment; disciplinary, probation; suspension, and/or expulsion, and prosecution by the appropriate federal, state and city authorities.

The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) has given schools the option to notify parents/guardians about specific types of information from a student's judicial record.

All students found in violation, will receive:

1st violation – For possession (not consumption) of alcohol only - Alcohol awareness class and probation for six (6) months from the date of resolution.

1st violation – For consumption, use, distribution, and possession of alcohol or use, possession, distribution of other drugs – Alcohol and Other Drug awareness class and probation for twelve (12) months from the date of resolution.

2nd offense while on probation – suspension from institution for current Term.

Two or more violations (separate incidents) while not on probation – suspension from institution for current Term.

Students who are suspended from the school for any length of time should be aware that this action may impact the tuition and student financial aid.

Faculty, Staff, & Other Employee Disciplinary

action will be taken including termination of employment. Faculty and Staff who violate AOD laws or campus regulations while on the school owned or leased property or at off-campus, College-sponsored events are subject to a variety of sanctions which may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: written warnings; referral for substance abuse evaluation or treatment; on-the-job disciplinary actions; demotion, suspension, or termination of employment; and/or referral for prosecution by appropriate federal, commonwealth, and city authorities.

Any employee who is convicted for the first time, under the laws of any state or the United States, of any criminal offense involving the manufacture, distribution, sale, or possession of a controlled substance, marijuana, or a dangerous drug shall at a minimum be suspended from his or her employment for a period of not less than two months or dismissed.

In the case of a suspension, such employee shall be required as a condition of completion of suspension to complete a drug treatment and education program. Upon a second conviction, such employee must be terminated.

If, prior to an arrest for an offense involving a controlled substance, marijuana, or a dangerous drug, an employee notifies his or her immediate supervisor that he or she illegally uses a controlled substance, marijuana, or a dangerous drug and is receiving or agrees to receive treatment under a drug abuse treatment and education program, the employee shall be entitled to maintain employment for up to one (1) year as long as the employee follows the treatment plan. During this period, the employee shall not be separated from his or her employment solely on the basis of the employee’s drug dependence, but the employee’s work activities may be restructured if practicable to protect persons or property. In addition, this policy does not prohibit the institution from taking appropriate disciplinary action for violations of the conduct policy. An employee retained in accordance with the provisions of this policy will be subject to return-to-work and random selection for controlled substance testing for no less than one year. In addition, the employee may be tested “for cause” if the testing falls within the treatment center’s contract time period and the testing is arranged by the treatment center.

Community Sanctions

Violations of laws and ordinances may result in misdemeanor or felony convictions accompanied by the imposition of legal sanctions which include, but are not limited to, the following:

1. Fines as determined under local, state or federal laws.
2. Civil penalties such as:
1. suspension or revocation of professional and occupational licenses
2. restriction from public employment for up to five years
3. denial of retirement benefits
4. denial of state-sponsored loans and mortgages
5. Workers’ compensation benefits will also be denied in certain instances where alcohol or other drugs are a cause of injury.
3. Imprisonment, including up to life imprisonment for possession of more than 650 grams or trafficking in drugs such as Heroin and Cocaine.
4. Forfeiture of personal and real property.
5. Denial of federal benefits such as grants, contracts, and student loans.
6. Loss of driving privileges.
7. Required attendance at substance abuse education or treatment programs.
   A full description of federal sanctions for drug felonies can be found at the following url: http://www.usdoj.gov/dea/agency/penalties.html

California Law

California law prohibits the purchase or possession of alcohol by a person under the age of 21, or the furnishing of alcohol to such a person. Driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs also is illegal. It is against California law, under certain circumstances, to walk or be upon a roadway while under the influence of alcohol or other drugs. The punishment for these offenses may include imprisonment, payment of a fine, mandatory treatment and education programs, community service, and mandatory loss of one’s driver’s license.

Federal Penalties and Sanctions

Federal sanctions for the illegal possession of drugs include imprisonment up to 1 year and/or a minimum fine of $1,000 for a first conviction; imprisonment for 15 days-2 years and a minimum fine of $2,500 for a second drug conviction; and imprisonment for 90 days-3 years and a minimum fine of $5,000 for a third or subsequent drug conviction. For possession of a mixture or substance which contains a cocaine base, federal sanctions include 5-20 years in prison and a minimum fine of $1,000, for a first conviction if the mixture or substance exceeds 5 grams, for a second conviction if the mixture or substance exceeds 3 grams, and for a third or subsequent conviction if the mixture or substance exceeds 1 gram. Additional possible penalties for the illegal possession of drugs are forfeiture of real or personal property used to possess or to facilitate possession of a controlled substance if the offense is punishable by more than 1 year imprisonment; forfeiture of vehicles, boats, aircraft, or any other conveyance used, or intended for use, to transport or conceal drugs; civil fine up to $10,000 per violation; denial of federal benefits, such as student loans, grants, contracts, and professional and commercial licenses for up to 1 year for a first and up to 5 years for a second or subsequent offense; successful completion of a drug treatment program; community service; and ineligibility to receive or purchase a firearm.

Federal Trafficking Penalties - Marijuana

Recognizing Signs of Intoxication/Overdose

If you drink or have friends who drink it’s important to know the signs and symptoms of alcohol poisoning: It’s not necessary for all of these symptoms to be present before you seek help.

1. Vomiting
2. Confusion, stupor
3. Seizures
4. Slow breathing (less than eight breaths a minute)
5. Irregular breathing
6. Blue-tinged skin or pale skin
7. Low body temperature- (feels cold & clammy to touch)
8. Unconsciousness (“passing out”)
9. Signs of an amphetamine overdose may include:
10. Rapid heartbeat
11. Increased temperature/sweating
• Behavior changes indicated by increased anxiety, delirium or psychosis
• A person who is unconscious or can’t be aroused is at risk of dying.

Health Risks of Alcohol and Other Drugs

Alcohol

Ethyl alcohol, a natural substance formed by the fermentation that occurs when sugar reacts with yeast, is the major active ingredient in wine, beer, and distilled spirits. Ethyl alcohol can produce feelings of well-being, sedation, intoxication, unconsciousness, or death, depending on how much is consumed and how fast it is consumed. Alcohol is a “psychoactive” or mind-altering drug as are narcotics and tranquilizers. It can alter moods, cause changes in the body, and become habit-forming. Alcohol depresses the central nervous system and too much can cause slowed reactions, slurred speech, and unconsciousness. Chronic use of alcohol has been associated with such diseases as alcoholism, and cancers of the liver, stomach, colon, larynx, esophagus, and breast. Alcohol abuse can also lead to damage to the brain, pancreas and kidneys; high blood pressure, heart attacks, and strokes; hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver; stomach and duodenal ulcers; colitis; impotence and infertility; and premature aging. Abuse of alcohol has been linked to birth defects and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Cannabis

Includes marijuana, hashish, hashish oil, and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Regularly observed physical effects of cannabis are a substantial increase in the heart rate, bloodshot eyes, a dry mouth and throat, and increased appetite. Use of cannabis may impair or reduce short-term memory and comprehension, alter sense of time, and reduce ability to perform tasks requiring concentration and coordination, such as driving a car. Research also shows that students do not retain knowledge when they are “high”. Motivation and cognition may be altered, making the acquisition of new information difficult. Marijuana smoke contains more cancer-causing agents than tobacco. Long-term users of cannabis may develop psychological dependence and require more of the drug to get the same effect. The drug can become the center of their lives.

Cocaine

Includes cocaine in powder form and a “crack” in crystalline or pellet form. Cocaine stimulates the central nervous system. Its immediate effects include dilated pupils and elevated blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature. Occasional use can cause a stuffy or runny nose, while chronic use can alcerate the mucus membranes of the nose. Injecting cocaine with unsterile equipment can cause AIDS, hepatitis, and other diseases. Preparation of freebase, which involves the use of volatile solvents, can result in death or injury from fire or explosion. Cocaine can produce psychological and physical dependency, a feeling that the user cannot function without the drug. In addition, tolerance develops rapidly. Crack of freebase rock is extremely addictive, and its effects are felt within 10 seconds. The physical effects include dilated pupils, increased pulse rate, elevated blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite, tactile hallucinations, paranoia, and seizures. The use of cocaine can cause death by disrupting the brain’s control of the heart and respiration.

Hallucinogens (PCP, LSD, Ecstasy)

Include phencylidien (“PCP”, lysergic acid diethylamide (“LSD”), mescaline, peyote, and psilocybin. Phencyclidine (PCP) interrupts the functions of the neocortex, the section of the brain that controls the intellect and keeps instincts in check. Because the drug blocks pain receptors, violent PCP episodes may result in self-inflicted injuries. The effects of PCP vary, but users frequently report a sense of distance and estrangement. Time and body movement are slowed down. Muscular coordination worsens and senses are dulled. Speech is blocked and incoherent. Chronic users of PCP report persistent memory problems and speech difficulties. Some of these effects may last six months to a year following prolonged daily use. Mood disorders--depression, anxiety, and violent behavior--also occur. In later stages of chronic use, users often exhibit paranoid and violent behavior and experience hallucinations. Large doses may produce convulsions and coma, heart and lung failure, or ruptured blood vessels in the brain. Lysergic acid (LSD), mescaline, and psilocybin cause illusions and hallucinations. The physical effects may include dilated pupils, elevated body temperature, increased heart rate and blood pressure, loss of appetite, sleeplessness, and tremors. Sensations and feelings may change rapidly. It is common to have a bad psychological reaction to LSD, mescaline, or psilocybin. The user may experience panic, confusion, suspicion, anxiety, and loss of control. Delayed effects, or flashbacks, can occur even after use has ceased.

Inhalants

Include such substances as nitrous oxide (“laughing gas”), amyl nitrite, butyl nitrite, chlorohy drocarbons (used in aerosol sprays), and hydro carbons (found in gasoline, glue, and paint thinner). Immediate negative effects of inhalants include nausea, sneezing, coughing, nosebleeds, fatigue, lack of coordination, and loss of appetite. Solvents and aerosol sprays also decrease the heart and respiratory rates,and impair judgment. Amyl and butyl nitrite cause rapid pulse, head aches, and involuntary passing of urine and feces. Long-term use may result in hepatitis or brain hemorrhage.

Deeply inhaling the vapors, or using large amounts over a short period of time, may result in disorientation, violent behavior, unconsciousness, or death. High concentrations of inhalants can cause suffocation by displacing the oxygen in the lungs or by depressing the central nervous system to the point that breathing stops. Long-term use can cause weight loss, fatigue, electrolyte imbalance, and muscle fatigue. Repeated sniffing of concentrated vapors over time can permanently damage the nervous system.

Narcotics

Includes such substances as heroin, morphine, opium, an codeine as well as methadone, meperidine (Demerol, hydromorphine (Dilaudin), and such drugs as Percocet, Percodan, Darvon, Talwin, etc. Narcotics initially produce a feeling of euphoria that often is followed by drowsiness, nausea, and vomiting. Users also my experience constricted pupils, watery eyes, and itching. An overdose may produce slow and shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, and possibly death. Tolerance to narcotics develops rapidly and dependence is likely. The use of contaminated syringes may result in disease such as AIDS, endocarditis, and hepatitis. Addiction in pregnant women can lead to premature, stillborn, or addicted infants who experience severe withdrawal symptoms.

Other Stimulants

Includes amphetamines and methamphetamines (“speed”); phenmetrazine (Preluding); methylphenidate (Ritalin); and “anorectic” (appetite suppressant) drugs such as Didrex, PreSate, etc.

Stimulants can cause increased heart and respiratory rates, elevated blood pressure, dilated pupils, and decreased appetite. In addition, users may experience sweating, headache, blurred vision, dizziness, sleeplessness, and anxiety. Extremely high doses can cause a rapid or irregular heartbeat, tremors, loss of coordination, and even physical collapse. An amphetamine injection creates a sudden increase in blood pressure that can result in stroke, very high fever, or heart failure. In addition to the physical effects, users report feeling restless, anxious, and moody. Higher does intensify the effects. Persons who use large amounts of amphetamines over a long period of time can develop an amphetamine psychosis that includes hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia. These symptoms usually disappear when drug use ceases.

Depressants/Sedatives

Includes such drugs as barbiturates, methaqualone (Quaaludes), and tranquilizers such as Valium, Librium, Equanil, Miltown, etc. The effects of depressants are in many ways similar to the effects of alcohol. Small amounts can produce calmness and relaxed muscles, but somewhat larger doses can cause slurred speech, staggering gait, and altered perception. Very large doses can cause respiratory depression, coma, and death. The combination of depressants and alcohol can multiply the effects of the drugs, thereby multiplying the risks. The use of depressants can cause both physical and psychological dependence. Regular use over time may result in a tolerance to the drug, leading the user to increase the quantity consumed. When regular users suddenly stop taking large doses, they may develop withdrawal symptoms ranging from restlessness, insomnia, and anxiety to convulsions and death. Babies born to mothers who abuse depressants during pregnancy may be physically dependent on the drugs and show withdrawal symptoms shortly after they are born. Birth defects and behavioral problems also may result.

Designer Drugs

Designer drugs include analogs of fetanyl and analogs of meperidine (synthetic heroin), analogs of amphetamines and methamphetamines (such as “Ectasy”), and analogs of pheneyclidine. Illegal drugs are defined in terms of their chemical formulas. Under ground chemists modify the molecular structure of certain illegal drugs to produce analogs known as designer drugs. These drugs can be several hundred times stronger than the drugs they are designed to imitate. The narcotic analogs can cause symptoms such as those seen in Parkinson’s disease--uncontrollable tremors, drooling, impaired speech, paralysis, and irreversible brain damage. Analogs of amphetamines and methamphetamines cause nausea, blurred vision, chills or sweating, and faintness. Psychological effects include anxiety, depression, and paranoia. As little as one dose can cause brain damage. The analogs of pheneyclidine cause illusions, hallucinations, and impaired perception.

Facts & Information

Drug Situation

Due to California’s diverse culture and unique geography, there are many issues that affect the drug situation in California. Drugs such as cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and marijuana are smuggled into the state from Mexico; however, methamphetamine and marijuana are produced or cultivated in large quantities within the state. San Diego and Imperial Counties remain principal transshipment zones for a variety of drugs – cocaine, heroin, marijuana and methamphetamine – smuggled from Mexico. Most drug traffickers/organizations that are encountered by law enforcement continue to be poly-drug traffickers rather than specializing in one type of drug. Since September 11, 2001, greater emphasis has been placed on carefully screening people and vehicles at all California Ports of Entry into the U.S. from Mexico. This has forced traffickers to attempt other means to smuggle their contraband into the U.S., including the use of tunnels that run underneath the border and more sophisticated hidden compartments in vehicles. Los Angeles is a distribution center for all types of illicit drugs destined for other major metropolitan areas throughout the U.S. as well as locally. Increased security measures at Los Angeles International Airport continue to deter drug traffickers from traveling through the airport. Although the northern half of California is awash in methamphetamine in more rural areas, heroin remains the number one drug of abuse in San Francisco, heroin and crack cocaine continue to impact Oakland, and methamphetamine continues in and around Sacramento.

Cocaine:

Mexican trafficking organizations, working closely with Colombian suppliers, dominate the wholesale cocaine trade. However, the Mexican traffickers continue to specialize in cross-border cocaine transportation by air, land and sea. Based on consistent seizures by U.S. Customs personnel (BICE),

the majority of the cocaine destined for the U.S. continues to enter the country by land conveyance through the Ports of Entry along the California/Mexico border. Typically, traffickers transport the cocaine to Los Angeles in vehicles with hidden compartments and then offload the cocaine into stash houses.Cocaine is readily

available throughout the state with Los Angeles remaining one of the nation’s largest cocaine transshipment and distribution centers. Cocaine is also widely available in San Francisco and other areas of northern California.

Heroin:

California-based law enforcement agencies primarily seize Mexico black tar heroin throughout the state and Mexican brown tar heroin to a lesser extent. Mexican black tar heroin is usually smuggled into the U.S. in amounts of five pounds or less, but occasionally law enforcement seizes larger amounts. In addition, Southeast Asian, Southwest Asian, and Colombian heroin seizures periodically occur throughout the state. The increased availability of high purity heroin that can be snorted allows a new, younger population to use heroin without a syringe and needle. Drug treatment specialists stated that these new heroin users

ingest large amounts of heroin and become quickly addicted. Law enforcement officials normally encounter ethnic West African and Southeast Asian nationals in the distribution and transportation of Asian heroin. California does not have any noticeable heroin abuse in its Asian communities. Reports that high purity Colombian heroin is now available in the counties surrounding Los Angeles is supported by the recent seizure of 200 grams of Colombian heroin by law enforcement in Ventura County.

Methamphetamine:

Methamphetamine is the primary drug threat in California. Mexican organizations continue to dominate the production and distribution of high-quality meth, while a secondary trafficking group, composed primarily of Caucasians, operates small, unsophisticated laboratories. Clandestine laboratories can be found in any location: high density residential neighborhoods, sparsely populated rural areas, remote desert locations in the southern portions of California, and the forested areas in northern California. In recent years, there has been a decrease in the number of meth labs seized in California and an increase in the number of meth labs just south of the border in Mexico. Rural areas in the Central Valley are the source of much of the meth produced in California and seized elsewhere. Within California itself, Hispanics and Caucasians are the almost exclusive consumers of meth. Purity levels of meth have ranged from a low of ten percent to a high of 100 percent purity. As the supply of pseudoephedrine from Canada has diminished after successful law enforcement operations, there has been a noticeable increase in pseudoephedrine and ephedrine seized that originated from China. Restrictions on pseudoephedrine importation into Mexico, balance-of-power issues among rival Mexican cartels, and increased enforcement efforts by the current Mexican government have all significantly impacted methamphetamine manufacturing and the smuggling of finished product into the Los Angeles area.

Club Drugs:

Although MDMA or Ecstasy was considered the most popular “club drug” in the state among teens and young adults, there are indicators that its use may be decreasing across the board, yet consistently available in geographical pockets. First, the Partnership for a Drug Free America conducted a study released in 2004 which stated the use of Ecstasy among teenagers “had dropped 25 percent in the last two years, (that) decrease translates into an additional 770,000 teens rejecting the once trendy drug.” Although law enforcement targeted rave promoters in the San Diego county area a number of years ago, which resulted in their inability to hold such events and thereby decreased the possibility for distribution of Ecstasy through that channel. Ecstasy is of limited availability for sale in San Diego. MDMA is often obtained through suppliers based in Los Angeles, or on the Internet. Recent studies indicate that use of MDMA is expanding from raves and clubs into schools, malls and residences. Asian drug trafficking organizations continue to grow as significant MDMA suppliers and distributors to California and are increasingly using Canada as a manufacturing base and decreasing their use of western European countries as transshipment points. Formerly dominant Israeli and Russian international drug trafficking organizations continue to decline as Los Angeles MDMA suppliers. MDMA is widely available in Los Angeles, which is one of three major gateway cities for the influx of MDMA into the U.S. (Miami and New York are the other two cities). Compton (near Los Angeles) remains a primary source of PCP throughout the U.S. Street gangs continue to control both production and distribution of PCP. Though not as widely popular as most rave drugs, LSD remains readily available throughout the Los Angeles area. The ample supply of LSD is due to the number LSD laboratories operating in remote areas of Northern California, which has been the center of LSD production since the 1960’s. Internet sales of GHB and GBL persist.

Although MDMA or Ecstasy was considered the most popular “club drug” in the state among teens and young adults, there are indicators that its use may be decreasing across the board, yet consistently available in geographical pockets. First, the Partnership for a Drug Free America conducted a study released in 2004 which stated the use of Ecstasy among teenagers “had dropped 25 percent in the last two years, (that) decrease translates into an additional 770,000 teens rejecting the once trendy drug.” Although law enforcement targeted rave promoters in the San Diego county area a number of years ago, which resulted in their inability to hold such events and thereby decreased the possibility for distribution of Ecstasy through that channel. Ecstasy is of limited availability for sale in San Diego. MDMA is often obtained through suppliers based in Los Angeles, or on the Internet. Recent studies indicate that use of MDMA is expanding from raves and clubs into schools, malls and residences. Asian drug trafficking organizations continue to grow as significant MDMA suppliers and distributors to California and are increasingly using Canada as a manufacturing base and decreasing their use of western European countries as transshipment points. Formerly dominant Israeli and Russian international drug trafficking organizations continue to decline as Los Angeles MDMA suppliers. MDMA is widely available in Los Angeles, which is one of three major gateway cities for the influx of MDMA into the U.S. (Miami and New York are the other two cities). Compton (near Los Angeles) remains a primary source of PCP throughout the U.S. Street gangs continue to control both production and distribution of PCP. Though not as widely popular as most rave drugs, LSD remains readily available throughout the Los Angeles area. The ample supply of LSD is due to the number LSD laboratories operating in remote areas of Northern California, which has been the center of LSD production since the 1960’s. Internet sales of GHB and GBL persist.

Prescription Drugs:

Due to the discrepancy in national laws between the U.S. and Mexico, the prolific “border pharmacies” within walking distance across the border in Tijuana and other Mexican border towns continue to be a major source of controlled substances in the San Diego metropolitan area. Another is the Internet, which has greatly facilitated the smuggling of illicit pharmaceuticals into the U.S. through Tijuana-based distributors. Doctor shopping and prescription forgery are the primary methods of prescription drug abuse in the Los Angeles and San Francisco metropolitan areas. In Northern California, OxyContin, Vicodin, benzodiazepines and carisoprodol are most commonly abused. In the Los Angeles area, Vicodin, Xanax, codeine, Valium, OxyContin, and Promethazine with codeine cough syrup remain the principal drugs abused. The San Diego area prescription drugs of choice are Vicodin, VicodinES, Lortab, and Vicoprofen, along with anabolic steroids. Rohypnol is rarely encountered by law enforcement within in the greater Los Angeles area.

Marijuana:

Marijuana remains the most widely available and abused illicit substance in California. Large quantities of low-grade marijuana are smuggled into the state from Mexico. The demand for highly potent Canadian marijuana, commonly referred to as “BC bud,” appears to have waned in the Los Angeles area, but quantities of this variety are still smuggled into the state. Potent domestic marijuana is also cultivated in sophisticated indoor, hydroponic gardens throughout the state. The growing pervasiveness of domestically grown marijuana has been facilitated by numerous medicinal marijuana clubs and hydroponic shops in the state, which openly advertise or sell cannabis seeds and seedlings subsequently used in indoor or small outdoor grows.

Crack:

Los Angeles based gangs dominate the street level distribution of crack cocaine throughout the Los Angeles and San Diego metropolitan areas. Cocaine bought by the gangs is “rocked” or converted into crack cocaine in the Los Angeles area (including Santa Ana and Riverside) and then sold locally or distributed to other cities in California and nationally. These organizations frequently use intimidation and violence to facilitate their narcotics trafficking activities.

Gang members involved in the street distribution of crack are often armed and have a propensity towards violence against other gang members whom they feel are invading their areas of control.

Pharmaceutical Diversion:

Current investigations indicate that diversion of hydrocodone products such as Vicodin®, and oxycodone products such as OxyContin®, continues to be a problem in California. Primary methods of diversion being reported are illegal sale and distribution by health care professionals and workers, “doctor shopping” (going to a number of doctors to obtain prescriptions for a controlled pharmaceutical), forged prescriptions, employee theft, pharmacy and in-transit theft, and the Internet. Fentanyl (such as Actiq®), benzodiazepines (such as Valium®, diazepam and clonazepam), and codeine were also identified as being among the most commonly abused and diverted pharmaceuticals in California.

Other Drugs:

Vicodin, Ritalin, Rohypnol, Ketamine, and Valium are commonly diverted pharmaceutical narcotics. Many of these narcotics are used by teens and young adults frequenting the club scene. Rohypnol is available without a prescription at pharmacies throughout Mexico. The Los Angeles area, specifically Compton, California, is the primary source for the majority of PCP found in the United States. Consequently, PCP remains readily available.

(DEA Mobile Enforcement Teams:

This cooperative program with state and local law enforcement counterparts was conceived in 1995 in response to the overwhelming problem of drug-related violent crime in towns and cities across the nation. Since the inception of the MET Program, 473 deployments have been completed nationwide, resulting in 19,643 arrests. There are three DEA Division offices in California: Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Francisco. Combined, these three divisions have completed 76 MET deployments throughout the State of California since the inception of the program. These cities are: San Luis Obispo (2), Oxnard/Ventura, Gardena, Century, Rampart (2), Antelope Valley, El Monte, Santa Maria, Quad Cities in Los Angeles, Coachella Valley, Wilshire, Pico Rivera, Hawthorne, Inglewood, Santa Paula, Hollenbeck, Devonshire, Ontario, Pasadena, Baldwin Park, Bell Gardens, Garden Grove, Oceanside (2), El Cajon, Chula Vista, National City (2), Vista, San Diego (3), La Mesa, Escondido (2), San Marcos, Spring Valley, Richmond (2), Vallejo (2), Seaside (2), Merced (3), Modesto, Oakland (2), West Contra Costa County, Eastern Kern County, Yuba County, San Jose, Stanislaus County, Woodland (2), Salinas, Santa Cruz (2), Monterey, Sacramento (2), South Bureau LAPD, Corona, Azusa, Yolo County, Compton, Fontana, Skyline District, Santa Rosa, East Palo Alto, Long Beach, LAPD/Newton, and Colton. In March 2005, the METs prioritized investigations to target and dismantle methamphetamine trafficking organizations and clandestine laboratory operators. The following 12 MET deployments targeted methamphetamine trafficking organizations: Corona, Azusa, Fontana, Escondido, Colton, Skyline District, East Palo Alto, Richmond, Merced (2), Yolo County, and Vallejo. The San Diego Field Division MET program was ended in June 2007 and is no longer active.

DEA Regional Enforcement Teams:

This program was designed to augment existing DEA division resources by targeting drug organizations operating in the United States where there is a lack of sufficient local drug law enforcement. This Program was conceived in 1999 in response to the threat posed by drug trafficking organizations that have established networks of cells to conduct drug trafficking operations in smaller, non-traditional trafficking locations in the United States. As of January 31, 2005, there have been 27 deployments nationwide, and one deployment in the U.S. Virgin Islands, resulting in 671 arrests. There have been four RET deployments in the State of California since the inception of the program: Hayward, San Francisco (2 Phases), Riverside/Santa Ana, and San Jose.

Frequently Asked Questions

Below you will find some frequently asked questions about alcohol and other drugs.

Q: What is Alcohol Poisoning or Alcohol Overdose? What are the symptoms?

The dangers of Acute Alcohol Intoxication, more commonly known as Alcohol Poisoning or Alcohol Overdose, are real and can happen anywhere. Your awareness and knowledge about the signs and symptoms could mean life or death to a person you care about.

Try to wake them up. Call their name, shake them, pinch them. If they do not respond, get help.

Check the person's skin. If his/her skin is pale or is cold or is clammy, get help.

Listen to their breathing. If it is irregular, or too slow/shallow (less than 8 breaths per minute or more than 10 seconds between breaths), get help.

If you discover any of the above symptoms, call 9-1-1

Stay with the person while waiting for help to arrive, don't ever just let them 'sleep it off'. If their breathing stops, perform CPR.

Turn the person on his/her side to prevent choking.

Q: Does drinking really affect my academics?

A: According to a national study conducted at four-year colleges and universities by Henry Wechsler of the Harvard School of Public Health it was found that, nearly one-third of high-risk drinkers had missed class and 21 percent had fallen behind in their school work because of their drinking.

Among frequent high-risk drinkers--students who had engaged in high-risk drinking three or more times in the previous two weeks--over 60 percent had missed class and 46 percent had fallen behind in school because of their drinking.

Also, a national survey of nearly 94,000 students from 197 colleges and universities conducted over a three year period found in the third year that students with an 'A' average consume a little more than 4 drinks per week, 'B' students have 6 drinks per week, 'C' students average almost 8 drinks per week, and students with 'D's or 'F's consume almost 10 drinks per week.

For more information on this please see the U.S. Department of Education's Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention website or see "College Academic Performance and Alcohol and Other Drug Use fact sheet."

Q: What is low-risk drinking?

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services advises no more than 1 standard drink per day for women and no more than 2 standard drinks per day for men.

With that known, according to CHOICES-an alcohol education program offered through NDSU-a standard drink size is an any alcoholic beverage that contains ½ ounce pure alcohol. That would equal ONE:

12oz. Domestic Beer
4oz. of wine
10 oz. Microbrew
10oz. Wine Cooler
8oz. Ice Beer or Malt Liquor
1.25oz. 80-proof liquor

However, there are some people who should not drink alcohol at all:

• People under the age of 21
• People taking medications, including some over-the counter medications
• People who plan to drive or engage in other activities that require attention or skill
• Recovering Alcoholics
• Women who are pregnant or trying to conceive

Other people may also have a high risk or potential of drinking problems:

• People from alcoholic or addicted families;
• People from families with depression history;
• People from families with disordered eating conditions.

Q: What do I do when I am concerned about my schoolmate’s drinking?

The most constructive thing you can do is to say something, but be sure that it is assertive and not aggressive.

If this is a one-time thing, the feedback will probably help your friend to stop and reflect about their drinking.

If this behavior is a pattern, then a different approach may be needed. Your Program Director can help you talk through the situation.

If you think him/her might have a drinking problem many resources are available. On campus, you can visit the Student Coordinator that provides free alcohol/drug assessment services and provides referral services for individuals concerned about alcohol and drug use.

Q: What is alcoholism?

Alcoholism, also known as alcohol dependence, is a disease that includes the following four symptoms:

• Craving--A strong need, or urge, to drink.
• Loss of control--Not being able to stop drinking once drinking has begun.
• Physical dependence--Withdrawal symptoms, such as nausea, sweating, shakiness, and anxiety after stopping drinking.
• Tolerance--The need to drink greater amounts of alcohol to get "high."

Q: Is alcoholism a disease?

Yes, alcoholism is a disease. The craving that an alcoholic feels for alcohol can be as strong as the need for food or water. An alcoholic will continue to drink despite serious family, health, or legal problems.

Like many other diseases, alcoholism is chronic, meaning that it lasts a person's lifetime; it usually follows a predictable course; and it has symptoms. The risk for developing alcoholism is influenced both by a person's genes and by his or her lifestyle. (See also "Publications," Alcohol Alert No. 30: Diagnostic Criteria for Alcohol Abuse and Dependence.)

Q: Is alcoholism inherited?

Research shows that the risk for developing alcoholism does indeed run in families. The genes a person inherits partially explain this pattern, but lifestyle is also a factor. Currently, researchers are working to discover the actual genes that put people at risk for alcoholism. Your friends, the amount of stress in your life, and how readily available alcohol is also are factors that may increase your risk for alcoholism.

But remember: Risk is not destiny. Just because alcoholism tends to run in families doesn't mean that a child of an alcoholic parent will automatically become an alcoholic too. Some people develop alcoholism even though no one in their family has a drinking problem. By the same token, not all children of alcoholic families get into trouble with alcohol. Knowing you are at risk is important, though, because then you can take steps to protect yourself from developing problems with alcohol. (See also "Publications," A Family History of Alcoholism - Are You at Risk?; Alcohol Alert No. 18: The Genetics of Alcoholism.)

Q: Can alcoholism be cured?

No, alcoholism cannot be cured at this time. Even if an alcoholic hasn't been drinking for a long time, he or she can still suffer a relapse. Not drinking is the safest course for most people with alcoholism.

Q: Can alcoholism be treated?

Yes, alcoholism can be treated. Alcoholism treatment programs use both counseling and medications to help a person stop drinking. Treatment has helped many people stop drinking and rebuild their lives. (See also "Publication," Alcohol Alert No. 49: New Advances in Alcoholism Treatment.)

Although medications are available to help treat alcoholism, there is no "magic bullet." In other words, no single medication is available that works in every case and/or in every person. Developing new and more effective medications to treat alcoholism remains a high priority for researchers.

Q: Does alcoholism treatment work?

Alcoholism treatment works for many people. But like other chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and asthma, there are varying levels of success when it comes to treatment. Some people stop drinking and remain sober. Others have long periods of sobriety with bouts of relapse. And still others cannot stop drinking for any length of time. With treatment, one thing is clear, however: the longer a person abstains from alcohol, the more likely he or she will be able to stay sober.

Q: Do you have to be an alcoholic to experience problems?

No. Alcoholism is only one type of an alcohol problem. Alcohol abuse can be just as harmful. A person can abuse alcohol without actually being an alcoholic--that is, he or she may drink too much and too often but still not be dependent on alcohol. Some of the problems linked to alcohol abuse include not being able to meet work, school, or family responsibilities; drunk-driving arrests and car crashes; and drinking-related medical conditions. Under some circumstances, even social or moderate drinking is dangerous--for example, when driving, during pregnancy, or when taking certain medications.

Q: Are specific groups of people more likely to have problems?

Alcohol abuse and alcoholism cut across gender, race, and nationality. In the United States, 17.6 million people--about l in every 12 adults--abuse alcohol or are alcohol dependent. In general, more men than women are alcohol dependent or have alcohol problems. And alcohol problems are highest among young adults ages 18-29 and lowest among adults ages 65 and older. We also know that people who start drinking at an early age--for example, at age 14 or younger--are at much higher risk of developing alcohol problems at some point in their lives compared to someone who starts drinking at age 21 or after. (See also "News Releases," June 10, 2004 "Alcohol Abuse Increases, Dependence Declines Across Decade: Young Adult Minorities Emerge As High-Risk Subgroups" and July 3, 2006 "Early Drinking Linked to Higher Lifetime Alcoholism Risk. See also Alcohol Alert No. 55: Alcohol and Minorities: An Update.)

Q: How can you tell if someone has a problem?

Answering the following four questions can help you find out if you or a loved one has a drinking problem:

• Have you ever felt you should cut down on your drinking?
• Have people annoyed you by criticizing your drinking?
• Have you ever felt bad or guilty about your drinking?
• Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady your nerves or to get rid of a hangover?

One "yes" answer suggests a possible alcohol problem. More than one "yes" answer means it is highly likely that a problem exists. If you think that you or someone you know might have an alcohol problem, it is important to see a doctor or other health care provider right away. They can help you determine if a drinking problem exists and plan the best course of action.

Q: Can a problem drinker simply cut down?

It depends. If that person has been diagnosed as an alcoholic, the answer is "no." Alcoholics who try to cut down on drinking rarely succeed. Cutting out alcohol--that is, abstaining--is usually the best course for recovery. People who are not alcohol dependent but who have experienced alcohol-related problems may be able to limit the amount they drink. If they can't stay within those limits, they need to stop drinking altogether. (See the question 13, "What is a safe level of drinking?") (See also "Publications/Pamphlets and Brochures," How to Cut Down on Your Drinking.)

Q: What is a safe level of drinking?

For most adults, moderate alcohol use--up to two drinks per day for men and one drink per day for women and older people--causes few if any problems. (One drink equals one 12-ounce bottle of beer or wine cooler, one 5-ounce glass of wine, or 1.5 ounces of 80-proof distilled spirits.)

Certain people should not drink at all, however:

• Women who are pregnant or trying to become pregnant
• People who plan to drive or engage in other activities that require alertness and skill (such as driving a car)
• People taking certain over-the-counter or prescription medications
• People with medical conditions that can be made worse by drinking
• Recovering alcoholics
• People younger than age 21.

(See also "Publications" Harmful Interactions: Mixing Alcohol With Medicines and Drinking and Your Pregnancy; Alcohol Alert No. 27: Alcohol-Medication Interactions; Alcohol Alert No 50: Fetal Alcohol Exposure and the Brain; and Alcohol Alert No. 52: Alcohol and Transportation Safety)

Q: Is it safe to drink during pregnancy?

No, alcohol can harm the baby of a mother who drinks during pregnancy. Although the highest risk is to babies whose mothers drink heavily, it is not clear yet whether there is any completely safe level of alcohol during pregnancy. For this reason, the U.S. Surgeon General released advisories in 1981 and again in 2005 urging women who are pregnant or may become pregnant to abstain from alcohol (http://www.lhvpn.net/hhspress.html). The damage caused by prenatal alcohol includes a range of physical, behavioral, and learning problems in babies Babies most severely affected have what is called Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). These babies may have abnormal facial features and severe learning disabilities. Babies can also be born with mild disabilities without the facial changes typical of FAS.

(See also "Publications" Alcohol Alert No.50: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and the Brain; "Pamphlets and Brochures," Drinking and Your Pregnancy.)

Q: Does alcohol affect older people differently?

Alcohol's effects do vary with age. Slower reaction times, problems with hearing and seeing, and a lower tolerance to alcohol's effects put older people at higher risk for falls, car crashes, and other types of injuries that may result from drinking.

Older people also tend to take more medicines than younger people. Mixing alcohol with over-the-counter or prescription medications can be very dangerous, even fatal. (See the question 18, "When taking medications, must you stop drinking?" for more information.) In addition, alcohol can make many of the medical conditions common in older people, including high blood pressure and ulcers, more serious. Physical changes associated with aging can make older people feel "high" even after drinking only small amounts of alcohol. So even if there is no medical reason to avoid alcohol, older men and women should limit themselves to one drink per day. (See also "Publications/Pamphlets and Brochures" Age Page: Alcohol Use and Abuse.)

Q: Does alcohol affect women differently?

Yes, alcohol affects women differently than men. Women become more impaired than men do after drinking the same amount of alcohol, even when differences in body weight are taken into account. This is because women's bodies have less water than men's bodies. Because alcohol mixes with body water, a given amount of alcohol becomes more highly concentrated in a woman's body than in a man's. In other words, it would be like dropping the same amount of alcohol into a much smaller pail of water. That is why the recommended drinking limit for women is lower than for men. (See the question 13, "What is a safe level of drinking?" for recommended limits.)

In addition, chronic alcohol abuse takes a heavier physical toll on women than on men. Alcohol dependence and related medical problems, such as brain, heart, and liver damage, progress more rapidly in women than in men. (See also "Publications," Alcohol Alert No. 62: Alcohol-An Important Women's Health Issue.)

Q: Is alcohol good for your heart?

Studies have shown that moderate drinkers are less likely to die from one form of heart disease than are people who do not drink any alcohol or who drink more.

If you are a nondrinker, however, you should not start drinking solely to benefit your heart. You can guard against heart disease by exercising and eating foods that are low in fat. And if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, have been diagnosed as alcoholic, or have another medical condition that could make alcohol use harmful, you should not drink.

If you can safely drink alcohol and you choose to drink, do so in moderation. Heavy drinking can actually increase the risk of heart failure, stroke, and high blood pressure, as well as cause many other medical problems, such as liver cirrhosis. (See also "Publications," Alcohol Alert No. 16: Moderate Drinking and Alcohol Alert No. 45: Alcohol Coronary Heart Disease.)

Q: When taking medications, must you stop drinking?

Possibly. More than 150 medications interact harmfully with alcohol. These interactions may result in increased risk of illness, injury, and even death. Alcohol's effects are heightened by medicines that depress the central nervous system, such as sleeping pills, antihistamines, antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs, and some painkillers. In addition, medicines for certain disorders, including diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease, can have harmful interactions with alcohol. If you are taking any over-the-counter or prescription medications, ask your doctor or pharmacist if you can safely drink alcohol. (See also "Publications," Harmful Interactions; Mixing Alcohol with Medicines; Alcohol Alert No. 27: Alcohol-Medication Interactions.)

Q: If an alcoholic is unwilling to get help, what can you do about it?

This can be a challenge. An alcoholic can't be forced to get help except under certain circumstances, such as a traffic violation or arrest that results in court-ordered treatment. But you don't have to wait for someone to "hit rock bottom" to act. Many alcoholism treatment specialists suggest the following steps to help an alcoholic get treatment:

Stop all "cover ups." Family members often make excuses to others or try to protect the alcoholic from the results of his or her drinking. It is important to stop covering for the alcoholic so that he or she experiences the full consequences of drinking.

Time your intervention. The best time to talk to the drinker is shortly after an alcohol-related problem has occurred--like a serious family argument or an accident. Choose a time when he or she is sober, both of you are fairly calm, and you have a chance to talk in private.

Be specific. Tell the family member that you are worried about his or her drinking. Use examples of the ways in which the drinking has caused problems, including the most recent incident.

State the results. Explain to the drinker what you will do if he or she doesn't go for help--not to punish the drinker, but to protect yourself from his or her problems. What you say may range from refusing to go with the person to any social activity where alcohol will be served, to moving out of the house. Do not make any threats you are not prepared to carry out.

Get help. Gather information in advance about treatment options in your community. If the person is willing to get help, call immediately for an appointment with a treatment counselor. Offer to go with the family member on the first visit to a treatment program and/or an Alcoholics Anonymous meeting.

Call on a friend. If the family member still refuses to get help, ask a friend to talk with him or her using the steps just described. A friend who is a recovering alcoholic may be particularly persuasive, but any person who is caring and nonjudgmental may help. The intervention of more than one person, more than one time, is often necessary to coax an alcoholic to seek help.

Find strength in numbers. With the help of a health care professional, some families join with other relatives and friends to confront an alcoholic as a group. This approach should only be tried under the guidance of a health care professional who is experienced in this kind of group intervention.

Get support. It is important to remember that you are not alone. Support groups are available in most communities. There are many national and local resources that can help. The National Drug and Alcohol Treatment Referral Routing Service provides a toll-free telephone number, 1-800-662-HELP (4357), offering various resource information. Through this service you can speak directly to a representative concerning substance abuse treatment, request printed material on alcohol or other drugs, or obtain local substance abuse treatment referral information.

A Snapshot of Annual High-Risk College Drinking Consequences

• Death: 1,400 college students between the ages of 18 and 24 die each year from alcohol-related unintentional injuries, including motor vehicle crashes (Hingson et al., 2002).

High-risk college student drinking includes the following: Underage drinking Drinking and driving or other activities where the use of alcohol is dangerous Drinking when health conditions or medications make use dangerous Binge drinking; that is, 5 drinks in a row per occasion for males and 4 for females* *Moderate drinking by persons of legal age is defined as no more than 2 standard drinks per day for men and 1 drink per day for women.

• Injury: 500,000 students between the ages of 18 and 24 are unintentionally injured under the influence of alcohol (Hingson et al., 2002).
• Assault: More than 600,000 students between the ages of 18 and 24 are assaulted by another student who has been drinking (Hingson et al., 2002).
• Sexual Abuse: More than 70,000 students between the ages of 18 and 24 are victims of alcohol-related sexual assault or date rape (Hingson et al., 2002).
• Unsafe Sex: 400,000 students between the ages of 18 and 24 have unprotected sex and more than 100,000 students between the ages of 18 and 24 report having been too intoxicated to know if they consented to having sex (Hingson et al., 2002).
• Academic Problems: About 25 percent of college students report academic consequences of their drinking including missing class, falling behind, doing poorly on exams or papers, and receiving lower grades overall (Engs et al., 1996; Presley et al., 1996a, 1996b; Wechsler et al., 2002).
• Health Problems/Suicide Attempts: More than 150,000 students develop an alcohol-related health problem (Hingson et al., 2002) and between 1.2 and 1.5 percent of students indicate that they tried to commit suicide within the past year due to drinking or drug use (Presley et al., 1998).
• Drunk Driving: 2.1 million students between the ages of 18 and 24 drove under the influence of alcohol last year (Hingson et al., 2002).
• Vandalism: About 11 percent of college student drinkers report that they have damaged property while under the influence of alcohol (Wechsler et al., 2002).
• Property Damage: More than 25 percent of administrators from schools with relatively low drinking levels and over 50 percent from schools with high drinking levels say their campuses have a “moderate” or “major” problem with alcohol-related property damage (Wechsler et al., 1995).
• Police Involvement: About 5 percent of 4-year college students are involved with the police or campus security as a result of their drinking (Wechsler et al., 2002) and an estimated 110,000 students between the ages of 18 and 24 are arrested for an alcohol-related violation such as public drunkenness or driving under the influence (Hingson et al., 2002).
• Alcohol Abuse and Dependence: 31 percent of college students met criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol abuse and 6 percent for a diagnosis of alcohol dependence in the past 12 months, according to questionnaire-based self-reports about their drinking (Knight et al., 2002).

How Does This Affect Your Campus?

As the numbers show, the consequences of college drinking are more significant, more destructive, and more costly than many Americans realize. In addition to the damage done to student lives, these consequences affect:

• The reputation of the institution
• The ability to attract and retain outstanding students
• The college’s academic ranking
• The institution’s operating costs
• Legal ramifications
• The relationship of the campus with the community

Where to Get Help?

Members of the school community are encouraged to seek assistance and/or support for themselves or others . For immediate assistance refer your concern to:

Homestead Schools Student Counseling Service (310) 791-9975

Even if you don’t see the classic signs and symptoms, but suspect someone has alcohol poisoning err on the side of caution - seek immediate medical care. In an emergency, follow these suggestions:

If the person is unconscious, breathing less than eight times a minute or has repeated and uncontrolled vomiting call 911. Remember that even when someone is unconscious or has stopped drinking, alcohol continues to be released into the bloodstream and the level of alcohol in the body continues to rise. Never assume that a person will “sleep off” alcohol poisoning.

Don’t leave an unconscious person alone. While waiting for help turn them on their side; don’t try to make the person vomit. People who have alcohol poisoning have an impaired gag reflex and may choke on their own vomit or accidentally inhale (aspirate) vomit into their lungs, which could cause a fatal lung injury.

Your assistance and support in helping the College keep you and your fellow students safe is most appreciated.

Counseling and Treatment Resources

A variety of counseling services and treatment centers is available throughout the state for anyone experiencing problems related to substance abuse. Although most counseling and treatment centers charge for their services, some programs are free of charge. Faculty, staff, and students should avail themselves of the following referral sources to identify the services or programs which most closely meet their specific needs.

For students, the Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug (ATOD) education program offers a variety of programs and presentations designed to meet specific needs. A resource library of information concerning alcohol and other drugs is located on the second floor in the Health Promotion Department of the University Health Center (UHC), and has films, videos, books, tapes, and pamphlets available for students’ use. Campus student groups which stress alcohol and other drug education and awareness include the Fontaine Center Student Advisory Board (FCSAB) and ASAP (Advocating Safe Alternatives for Peers) Peer Education Team. Support/therapy groups include AOD (Alcohol and Other Drugs Support/Therapy Group) and AA. The Health Promotion Office offers referral services. Counseling is available through Counseling and Psychological services.

Faculty and staff may obtain a list of available alcohol and other drug counseling services and treatment centers from the Human Resources Employee Relations Coordinator. The Training and Development Department also periodically offers a substance abuse awareness program as part of its professional and personal development series, and has videos for checkout. Employees are encouraged to avail themselves of these resources and contact Training & Development for more information.

Assistance Available to Students, Faculty & Staff

Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment Services Available

The Resource Center at the California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs maintains a comprehensive collection of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug prevention and treatment information. This information is provided to all California residents at no cost through a Clearinghouse, Lending Services, Internet communication links, and a telephone information and referral system. These services can be accessed by letter, fax, Internet, e-mail, telephone, or in person during the business hours of 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding state holidays.

The Resource Center provides non-emergency information only and does not operate a crisis line. The Resource Center maintains two toll-free statewide telephone numbers for California residents needing alcohol, tobacco, and other drug prevention and treatment information, publications or lending services.

Treatment

One of the key strategic goals of the Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs is to develop and maintain a comprehensive, integrated statewide prevention, treatment and recovery system. Our efforts are focused on making treatment and recovery services accessible and available for all Californians in need of treatment, and to improve the core life domains of alcohol and other drug (AOD) clients.

Find Treatment Help

If you or someone you know has a problem with alcohol or drugs, there are treatment services available throughout California to help you get on the road to recovery.

Resource Center

A comprehensive collection of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug prevention and treatment information is available to all California residents at no cost through a Clearinghouse, Lending Services, Internet communication links, and a telephone information and referral system.

Youth Services

There are critical differences between youth and adult AOD-related problems that require additional safety precautions, unique strategies, enhanced services, and distinctive staff expertise. Over the last five years, California has worked intensely to establish an appropriate system of care for substance using youth, including outreach, early intervention, low and high intensive outpatient treatment, residential treatment (in group home settings and juvenile detention facilities), and continuing care.

Women's Programs

In California, over 300 publically-funded perinatal alcohol and drug treatement programs annually serve the needs of over 38,000 pregnant and parenting women. Our vision is that all women should have access to participant/client-centered, comprehensive, gender-responsive alcohol and other drug services.

Driving Under the Influence

ADP currently licenses 472 Driving Under the Influence (DUI) programs designed to enable participants to consider attitudes and behavior, support positive lifestyle changes, reduce or eliminate the use of alcohol and/or drugs, and prevent repeat DUI offenses.

California Access to Recovery Effort (CARE)

The California Access to Recovery Effort (CARE) currently provides vouchers in Los Angeles and Sacramento Counties for youth (ages 12 through 20) in need of alcohol and drug treatment and recovery support services. A new federal award (approximately $4.8 million per year) will enable CARE to expand services to Butte, Shasta and Tehama counties to target methamphetamine-using youth.

Co-occuring Disorders

The Departments of Alcohol and Drug Programs and Mental Health are working together to eliminate barriers between the substance abuse and mental health treatment systems at both the state and local levels on behalf of persons with dual diagnoses of serious mental illness and substance use disorders, now called Co-Occurring Disorders (COD).

Drug Addiction Alcohol Abuse Rehab Treatment Programs in California

If someone uses and abuses alcohol and or drugs every day, it is generally considered appropriate to go into a program on a full-time basis. These types of programs are designed to have a person lives full time and participate in drug alcohol treatment all day, every day. All of them require some form of payment, either insurance and or self pay. They are usually co-ed.

Drug Addiction Alcohol Abuse Rehab Treatment Programs

Hospital based programs generally offer some form of detox from alcohol or drugs. Hospital drug and alcohol programs generally do not offer residential, 30 day type programs. They usually have some form of intensive outpatient program, referred to as IOP’s. Hospital based alcohol and drug addiction programs usually accept most forms of insurance, including Medicare and Medicaid.

California County Designated Alcohol and Drug Program Administrators

1. Alameda (510) 567-8120 Marye L. Thomas, M.D.
2. Alpine (530) 694-2287 Judy Molnar
3. Amador (209) 223-6241 Tracy Russell
4. Butte (530) 891-2859 Bradford Luz, Ph.D.
5. Calaveras (209) 754-6555 Rita Downs
6. Colusa (530) 458-0520 Curtis R. Boewer
7. Contra Costa (925) 313-6350 Haven Fearn
8. Del Norte (707) 464-4813 Jill Fullington
9. El Dorado (530) 621-6191 Gayle Erbe-Hamlin
10. Fresno (559) 453-4773 Dennis Koch
11. Glenn (530) 934-6347 Cecilia Hutsell
12. Humboldt (707) 268-2990 Donna Wheeler
13. Imperial (760) 482-4068 Michael W. Horn
14. Inyo (760) 872-4245 Linda Benson
15. Kern (661) 868-6705 Lily Alvarez
16. Kings (559) 582-3211 X 2382 Mary Anne Ford Sherman
17. Lake (707) 263-8162 Laura Solis
18. Lassen (530) 251-8112 Michael Beard
19. Los Angeles (626) 299-4193 X 80 Patrick L. Ogawa
20. Madera (559) 673-3508 Janice Melton
21. Marin (415) 499-6652 D. J. Pierce
22. Mariposa (209) 966-2000 Cheryl Rutherford-Kelly
23. Mendocino (707) 472-2607 Patricia Guntly
24. Merced (209) 381-6813 Troy Dean Fox
25. Modoc (530) 233-6320 Tara Shepherd
26. Mono (760) 9341740 Ann Gimpel
27. Monterey (831) 755-4509 Wayne Clark
28. Napa (707) 253-4279 Jim Featherstone
29. Nevada (530) 265-1437 Robert Gillaspie
30. Orange (714) 834-2011 Mary Hale
31. Placer (530) 889-7256 Maureen F. Bauman
32. Plumas (530) 283-6446 Jack Instad
33. Riverside (951) 782-2400 Karen Kane
34. Sacramento (916) 875-2055 Maria Morfin
35. San Benito (831) 636-4020 Alan Yamamoto
36. San Bernardino (909) 421-9405 Gary Atkins
37. San Diego (619) 584-5060 Susan Bower
38. San Francsisco (415) 255-3717 Jim Stillwell
39. San Joaquin (209) 468-3698 Francis Hutchins
40. San Luis Obispo (805) 781-4759 Star Braber
41. San Mateo (650) 802-5057 Judy Davis
42. Santa Barbara (805) 681-5442 Al Rodriguez
43. Santa Clara (408) 792-5691 Robert Garner
44. Santa Cruz (831) 454-4050 William F. Manov, Ph.D.
45. Shasta (530) 225-5240 David Reiten
46. Sierra (530) 993-6701 Carol Roberts
47. Siskiyou (530) 841-4801 Lauri Hunner
48. Solano (707) 784-2228 Del Royer
49. Sonoma (707) 565-6945 Gino Giannavola
50. Stanislaus (209) 525-6225 Denise Hunt
51. Sutter-Yuba (530) 822-7200 Joan N. Hoss
52. Tehama (530) 527-7893 X 3402 Susan McVean
53. Trinity (530) 623-1822 Tom Antoon
54. Tulare (559) 737-4660 Cheryl Duerksen
55. Tuolumne (209) 533-6609 Beatrice Readel
56. Ventura (805) 981-2214 Linda Shulman
57. Yolo (530) 666-8532 Mark Byran

Directory of Publicly Funded Programs That Provide Alcohol and Other Drug Recovery and Treatment Services For California Women and Children

Los Angeles County:

Addiction Research and Treatment, Inc.
15229 E. Amar Rd, La Puente, CA 91744
(626) 855-5090

Addiction Research and Treatment, Inc.
1926 W. Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90057
(213) 607-2010

Addiction Research and Treatment, Inc.
4920 S. Avalon Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90011
(213) 235-5035
Publicly Funded Perinatal Treatment Programs

Alcoholism Center for Women Inc.
1147 S. Alvarado Street, Los Angeles, CA 90006
(213) 381-8500

Alex Kopilevich
22030 Sherman Way, Ste 115, Canoga Park, CA 91303
(818) 261-6012

Arms of Grace Humanitarian Services ADPC
2931 W. Florence Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90043
(310) 625-5424

Asian American Drug Abuse Program
1088 S. LaBrea Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90019
(323) 294-4932

Behavioral Health Services
12917 Cerise Avenue, Hawthorne, CA 90250
(310) 675-4431

Bernie's Lil Women Center, Inc.
11324 Balboa Blvd, Granada Hills, CA 91344
(310) 404-1355

Bernie's Lil Women Center, Inc.
11905 S. Central, Ste 205, Los Angeles, CA 90059
(213) 280-1012

Bienvenidos Children's Center, Inc.
5257 E. Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90022
(323) 726-9777

California Drug Consultants, Inc.
659 E. Walnut Street, Pasadena, CA 91101
(626) 844-0410

California Health, Alcohol and Drug Education Programs, Inc.
3756 Santa Rosalia Dr, Ste 423, Los Angeles, CA 90008
(909) 833-8426

California Hispanic Commission
5331 Via San Delarro, Los Angeles, CA 90022
(323) 721-1997

Caring Residential Care, Inc.
4309, 4311, 4313 Leimert Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90008
(323) 293-6000

Changing Steps
5436 S. Broadway, Los Angeles, CA 90037
(323) 234-2886

Children's Institute, Inc.
701 S. New Hampshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90005
(213) 385-5100

Circle of Help Foundation
2120 W. 8th Street, Ste 330 & 390, Los Angeles, CA 90010
(818) 235-8965

Development Specialty Projects, Inc.
Health Care Dual Diagnosis Clinics II
7706 S. Central, Los Angeles, CA 90001
(800) 715-8752

Development Specialty Projects, Inc.
Health Care Dual Diagnosis Clinics II
3320 W. 85th Street, Inglewood, CA 90305
(818) 781-7665

Development Specialty Projects, Inc.
Health Care Dual Diagnosis Clinics II
606 E. 76th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90001
(818) 781-7665

Development Specialty Projects, Inc.
Health Care Dual Diagnosis Clinics II
1400 Mt. Olive Dr, Duarte, CA 91010
(909) 781-7665

Development Specialty Projects, Inc.
Hope Center Academy
425 E. Compton Blvd, Compton, CA 90220
(818) 237-5100

Development Specialty Projects, Inc.
Health Care Dual Diagnosis LLC
6801 S. Western Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90041
(818) 781-7665

Development Specialty Projects, Inc.
Health Care Dual Diagnosis Clinics II
14630 Lanark Street, Panorama City, CA 91402
(818) 781-7665

Development Specialty Projects, Inc.
Compton High School
601 S. Acacia Avenue, Compton, CA 90220
(818) 781-7665

Development Specialty Projects, Inc.
Health Care Dual Diagnosis Clinics II
3600 W. Imperial Highway, Inglewood, CA 90303
(909) 821-8023

Development Specialty Projects, Inc.
Health Care Dual Diagnosis Clinics II
13101 Dronfield Avenue, Sylmar, CA 91342
(909) 821-8023

Dr. Wayne Kelly
5701 S. Figueroa, Los Angeles, CA 90037
(310) 339-6137

El Proyecto Del Barrio
9140 Van Nuys Blvd #211, Panorama City, CA 91402
(818) 895-2206

Goretti Health Services, Inc.
14623 Hawthorne Blvd, Ste 407, Lawndale, CA 90260
(310) 973-0100

Guidance Health Services, Inc.
11633 Hawthorne Avenue #210, Hawthorne, CA 90250
(310) 386-7046

Harbor-UCLA Research Educational Institute
1124 W. Carson Street, Building N33, Torrance, CA 90502
(310) 222-5410

His Sheltering Arms, Inc.
112 W. 111th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90061
(323) 755-6646

His Sheltering Arms, Inc.
11101 S. Main Street, Los Angeles, CA 90061
(323) 755-6646

Immaculate Care Center, Inc.
3540 Wilshire Blvd, Ste 818, Los Angeles, CA 90010
(310) 505-0268

Interconnection Center
3833 S. Grand Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90037

La-Cada - Bloomfield
11015 Bloomfield Avenue, Santa Fe Springs, CA 90670
(562) 906-2676

Laws Support Center
2707 W. 54th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90043
(323) 294-5204

Los Angeles New Life Center, Inc.
1828 S. Western Avenue, Ste 21, Los Angeles, CA 90006
(323) 734-3677

Maternity House, LLC
10300 Kurt Street, Lake View Terrace, CA 91342
(818) 943-7777

MELA Counseling Services Center, Inc.
5721 and 5723 Whittier Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90022
(323) 721-6855

Mount Sinai Health Care
3756 Santa Rosalia Dr, Ste 507, Los Angeles, CA 90008
(323) 290-2001

National Council Alcohol & Drug Dependency-Long Beach
836 Atlantic Avenue, Long Beach, CA 90807
(310) 426-8262

NCADD of Long Beach
3750 Long Beach Blvd, Long Beach, CA 90807
(562) 426-8262

New Beginnings Recovery Treatment Center, Inc.
5309-5311 S. Western Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90062
(310) 666-4082

New Hope Health Services, Inc.
13325 S. Hawthorne Blvd, Hawthorne, CA 90250
(310) 676-8030

Noble Heart Services, Inc.
16610 Crenshaw Blvd, Torrance, CA 90504
(310) 714-6433

Olive View UCLA Education & Research Institute
1445 Olive View Dr #2, Sylmar, CA 91342
(818) 364-3681

Outreach Health Services, Inc.
431 W. Compton Blvd, Compton, CA 90220
(310) 603-5353

Pavillion Healthcare Services, Inc.
20930 S. Bonita Street, Ste Y, Carson, CA 90746
(310) 505-0268

Plaza Community Center
4127 Cesar Chavez, Los Angeles, CA 90063
(323) 269-0925

Pomona Alcohol & Drug Recovery Center, Inc.
558 N. Towne Avenue, Pomona, CA 91767
(909) 622-2273

Pride Health Services, Inc.
8904 S. Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90044
(323) 753-5950

Pride Health Services, Inc.
8619 Crenshaw Blvd, Inglewood, CA 90305
(310) 677-9019

Prototypes
845 E. Arrow Highway, Pomona, CA 91767
(909) 398-4383

Prototypes
633 Baseline, Claremont, CA 91711
(909) 398-4383

Prototypes – A Center for Innovation
831 E. Arrow Highway (Westwing), Pomona, CA 91767
(909) 398-4383

Reseda Substance Abuse Treatment Center, Inc.
8745 Parthenia Place, Unit 4, North Hills, CA 91343
(818) 585-7095

Roy's National Health Services, Inc.
10501 S. Western Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90047-4458
(323) 777-4227

Shields for Families Project, Inc.
12714 S. Avalon Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90061
(310) 603-2657

Shields for Families Project, Inc.
12021 S. Wilmington Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90059
(310) 323-2420

Shields for Families Project, Inc.
1500 E. Kay Street (#100, 1704, 08, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 36,
40, 46, and 62), Compton, CA 90221
(310) 668-8260

Shields for Families Project, Inc.
11705 Deputy Yamamoto Place, Lynwood, CA 90262
(310) 668-8260

Shields for Families Project, Inc.
1415 E. Alondra Blvd, Compton, CA 90221
(323) 242-5000

Shields for Families Project, Inc.
840 W. Imperial Highway, Los Angeles, CA 90044
(310) 668-8260

South Bay Alcoholism Services
351 E. 6th Street, Long Beach, CA 90802-1402
(562) 435-7350
- Residential/Recovery Long Term (over 30 days)
South Bay Alcoholism Services
615 Elm Street, Long Beach, CA 90802
(310) 435-7350

South Bay Alcoholism Services
217 S. Irena, Redondo Beach, CA 90277
(310) 944-9738

Southern California Alcohol & Drug Programs, Inc.
10511 and 10519 Mills Avenue, Whittier, CA 90606
(562) 986-5525

Southern California Alcohol & Drug Programs, Inc.
11500 Paramount Blvd, Downey, CA 90241
(562) 923-4545

Southern California Alcohol and Drug Programs, Inc.
10603 Downey Avenue, Downey, CA 90241
(562) 622-2268

Southern California Alcohol & Drug Programs, Inc. - Perinatal
1755 Freeman Avenue, #1-4, Long Beach, CA 90804
(562) 986-5525

Special Services for Groups
532 S. Vermont Avenue, Ste 102, Los Angeles, CA 90020
(213) 810-279

Substance Abuse Foundation of Long Beach, Inc.
3125 E. 7th Street, Long Beach, CA 90804
(562) 987-5722

Tarzana Treatment Center, Inc.
18646 Oxnard Street, Tarzana, CA 91356
(818) 996-1051

Tarzana Treatment Center, Inc.
38744 Cortina Way, Palmdale, CA 93534
(818) 996-1051

Tarzana Treatment Center, Inc.
44447 N. 10th Street West, Building A, Lancaster, CA 93534
(616) 726-2630

Tarzana Treatment Center, Inc.
2101 Magnolia Avenue, Long Beach, CA 90806
(562) 218-1868

Tavarua Medical Rehabilitation Services
8207 Whittier Blvd, Pico Rivera, CA 90660
(562) 695-0737

The Center for Hope, Inc.
5012 S. La Brea Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90056
(310) 462-7942

The New Destiny, Inc.
155 W. Washington Blvd, Ste 517, Los Angeles, CA 90015
(213) 905-9974

URDC Human Services Corporation
1460 N. Lake Avenue, Ste 102, 104, 105, 106, and 107
Pasadena, CA 91104
(626) 398-3796

Watts Healthcare Corporation
8005 S. Figueroa Street, Los Angeles, CA 90003
(323) 778-5290

Wings of Refuge
19422 Radlett Avenue, Carson, CA 90746
(323) 294-0939

Madera County Department of Behavioral Health Services Alcohol and Drug Programs
14227 Road 28, Madera, CA 93638
(559) 673-3508