*Next Class Schedule: Sept. 29,
30 Oct. 6, 7 2012
(8:00am - 5:30pm)
COURSE HOURS
36
HOURS OF INSTRUCTION
(THEORY: 27 HRS. / CLINICAL: 9 HRS.)
Fee: $200 for
Homestead students, $240 for all others
Additionally, each student must complete a minimum of three (3) individually supervised successful venipunctures on live subjects and at least three (3) individually supervised skin punctures on live subjects.
COURSE DESCRIPTION
The course is designed to prepare
Licensed Vocational Nurses (LVNs) to start and superimpose intravenous fluid via
primary or secondary infusion lines and perform blood withdrawal. The course
will cover psychological preparation of the patient, legal aspect in IV therapy
& blood withdrawal, infection control, indications for IV therapy, types of
venipuncture devices, delivery systems, intravenous fluids, venipuncture sites,
observation of the patient, regulation of the fluid flow, selection of
equipment, complications of IV therapy, methods of blood withdrawal, method
selection, safety measures, complications and preparation of withdrawal sites.
Students will perform simulated and actual intravenous catheterizations and blood withdrawals. LVNs will receive 36 contact hours upon successful course completion.
COURSE OBJECTIVES (THEORY)
At the completion of the intravenous therapy/blood withdrawal course, each participant shall be able to:
1. Discuss the legal requirements pertaining to starting and/or
superimposing intravenous fluids withdrawing blood
2. Discuss the legal requirements pertaining to performing
arterial punctures for the purpose of withdrawing blood.
3. Differentiate types of parenteral fluids and blood components.
4. Correlate intravenous fluids with fluid and electrolyte
imbalances.
5. Identify clinical manifestations associated with fluid and
blood component infusion.
6. State indications for TPN therapy.
7. Discuss potential complications from TPN therapy.
8. Explain the rationale for blood withdrawal and arterial
punctures.
9. Explain the rationale for initiation of an intravenous infusion
or transfusion of blood or blood products.
10. Identify types of skin puncture, arterial puncture, and
venipuncture devices.
11. Describe correct use of each skin puncture, arterial puncture,
and venipuncture device.
12. Identify types of fluid delivery system devices.
13. Describe correct use of each fluid delivery system device
including regulation of infusion flow rate.
14. Describe accurate techniques for performing skin punctures,
arterial punctures, and venipunctures; including direct and indirect methods.
15. Discuss psychological preparation of a patient/client which
should be completed prior to treatment.
16. Correlate relevant anatomy and physiology with criteria for
selection of venipuncture, skin puncture, or arterial puncture sites.
17. Identify the safety precautions utilized when administering
intravenous therapy, withdrawing blood and testing for adequate circulation
pertaining to arterial puncture site.
18. Discuss potential local and systemic
complications of intravenous therapy and blood withdrawal and include correct
nursing observations and preventive measures.
CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
During clinical experience, the participant shall be able to:
1.
Explain the procedure to the patient and provide adequate
supportive measures.
2.
Select correct venipuncture, skin puncture, arterial puncture,
and infusion equipment and correctly assemble for use.
3.
Select and correctly prepare an appropriate site for
venipuncture, blood withdrawal or arterial puncture.
4.
Perform three (3) successful venipunctures
and three (3) successful skin punctures on live subjects while adhering to
universal precautions.
5.
Observe the patient for adverse reactions.
6.
Demonstrate appropriate safety measures when performing
venipuncture, blood withdrawal or arterial puncture, including universal
precautions.
7.
Safely secure the venipuncture device.
8.
Adjust the flow rate to the prescribed rate.
COURSE OUTLINE
IV THERAPY:
Legal Aspects of IV Therapy
IV Infusion Preparations
Fluids and Electrolytes
Fluid Delivery System
Infusion Flow Rate
Total Parenteral Nutrition
Patient Preparation
Review of Anatomy & Physiology
Safety Measures & Complications in IV Therapy
Skill #1: Preparing the Infusion Set-up
Skill #2: Starting an IV: Over the Needle Catheter
Skill #3 Starting an IV: Insertion of Winged Infusion Set
Skill #4: Discontinuation of IV
BLOOD WITHDRAWAL:
Legal Aspects of Blood Withdrawal
Blood & Blood Product Administration/Arterial Punctures Blood Collection Equipment & Techniques
Safety Precautions & Complications in Blood Withdrawal
Skill #5: Skin Puncture
Skill #6: Venipuncture by the Evacuated Tube Method
Skill #7: Venipuncture by Winged Infusion (Butterfly) Method
Skill #8: Venipuncture by Syringe Method
Skill
#9: Radial Arterial Blood Gas Collection (optional)
METHODS OF INSTRUCTION
The objectives of the course will be achieved through lecture, discussion, demonstration, and clinical practice to include content on IV infusion therapy & blood withdrawal.
Strategies utilized in this course include classroom discussion,
demonstrations, review questions, critical thinking skills (case studies), oral
presentation, return demonstration, group discussion, role play, use of
audio-visuals, concept mapping, computer-assisted activities and hands-on
skills. Evaluation includes quizzes, skill lab test, and comprehensive
exam. A simulated lab component is included.
GRADING POLICY
75% is required to pass this course.
THEORY: Quizzes: 25% Comprehensive Exam: 75%
CLINICAL: The student must pass Clinical Performance Evaluation on the following areas:
1.
Preparation and assembly of equipment and device for
intravenous therapy, venipuncture, skin puncture and arterial puncture
2. Patient preparation
3. Safety measures , including universal precautions, relative to
intravenous fluid administration and blood withdrawal
4. Site Preparation for venipuncture, skin puncture and
arterial puncture
5. Techniques of venipuncture, skin punctute and arterial puncture
6. Regulation of flow rate
Additionally, each participant must complete a minimum of
three (3) individually supervised successful venipunctures
on live subjects and at least
three (3) individually supervised skin punctures on live subjects.
REQUIRED TEXTBOOKS
Josephson, D. (2004). Intravenous Infusion Therapy for Nurses: Principles and Practice. New York: Delmar
REFERENCES
1.
Philipps, Lynn Dianne. Manual
of IV Therapeutics (2005) PA: FA Davis Co.
2. Becan-McBride, K, & Garza, D. Phlebotomy Handbook
(2005.) New Jersey, Prentice Hall.
3.
Berry, R.K. Intravenous
Therapy: Clinical Principles and Practice (1995), Edited by Terry J,
Baranowski L, Lonsway RA, and Hedrick C. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders.
4. Corrigan Ann, Pelletier G,
Alexander M. Core Curriculum for Intravenous Nursing (2000). Maryland:
Lippincott.
5. Elkin,
M., Perry, A., & Potter, P., (1999). Nursing Interventions and Clinical Skills
(2nd ed.) St. Louis: Mosby.
6. Sommer, SR, Warekois, RS. Phlebotomy Worktext and Procedures Manual
(2002) W.B. Saunders Company.
7. Garza,
Diana; Becan-McBride, Kathleen, Phlebotomy Q & A Review, 5th edition,
2001, Prentice Hall.
8. Fremgen,
B, Blume W. Phlebotomy Basics With Other Laboratory Techniques (2001).
Prentice Hall.
9. Kee, J.
& Hayes, E., (1997). Pharmacology: A Nursing Approach (2nd ed.).
Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
10. Potter,
P., & Perry, A., (1998). Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, Process and
Practice (4th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby.
11. Clayton
B, Stock Y. Basic Phamacology for Nurses (2004) St. Louis: Mosby.
12. Cohen
B, Wood D. The Human Body in Health and Disease (2000). Philadelphia:
Lippincott Williams.
Note: This course is not included within the institution's grant of ABHES accreditation.