Inside Family Therapy:
A Case Study in Family Healing
Contents
The Myth of the Hero
Psychotherapeutic Sanctuary
Family versus Individual Therapy
Psychology and Social Context
The Power of Family Therapy
Contemporary Cultural Influences
Thinking in Lines; Thinking in Circles
Recommended Readings
References
The Undeclared War
Small Group Dynamics
The Child Guidance Movement
The Influence of Social Work
Research on Family Dynamics and the Etiology of
Schizophrenia
Gregory Bateson — Palo Alto
Theodore Lidz — Yale
Lyman Wynne — National Institutes of Mental Health
Role Theorists
Marriage Counseling
From Research to Treatment: The Pioneers of Family
Therapy
John Bell
Palo Alto
Murray Brown
Nathan Ackerman
Carl Whitaker
Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy
Salvador Minuchin
Other Early Centers of Family Therapy
The Golden Age of Family Therapy
Summary
Recommended Readings
References
Sketches of Leading Figures
Theoretical Formulations
Normal Development
Development of Behavior Disorders
Goals of Therapy
Conditions for Behavior Change
Techniques
Lessons from the Early Models
System’s Anxiety
The Stages of Family Therapy
The Initial Telephone Call
The First Interview
The Early Phase of Treatment
The Middle Phase of Treatment
Termination
Family Assessment
The Presenting Problem
Understanding the Referral Route
Identifying the Systemic Context
Stage of the Life Cycle
Family Structure
Communication
Drug and Alcohol Abuse
Domestic Violence and Sexual Abuse
Extramarital Involvements
Gender
Cultural Factors
The Ethical Dimension
Working with Manages Care
Recommended Readings
References
4. The Fundamental Concepts of Family Therapy
Systems Theory
History of Systems Thinking
Functionalism
Structuralism
The
Legacy of Cybernetics and Structural-Functionalism
General Systems Theory
Satir’s Humanizing Influence
Bowen and Differentiation of Self
The Road Not Taken
Enduring Concepts and Methods
Interconnectedness
Sequences of Interaction
Triangles
Circular Causality
Indirect Communication
Family Structure
Function of the Symptom
Circumventing Resistance
Nonpathological View of People
Family of Origin
Family Life Cycle
Focusing on Strengths
Family Narratives
The Influence of Culture
The One-Way Mirror and Videotaping
Conclusions
Recommended Readings
5. Bowen Family Systems Therapy
Sketches of Leading Figures
Theoretical Formulations
Differentiation of Self
Triangles
Nuclear Family Emotional Process
Family Projection Process
Multigenerational Transmission Process
Sibling Position
Emotional Cutoff
Societal Emotional Process
Normal Family Development
Development of Behavior Disorders
Goals of Therapy
Conditions for Behavior Change
Techniques
Bowenian Therapy with Couples
Bowenian Therapy with One Person
Evaluating Therapy Theory and Results
Summary
Recommended Readings
References
6. Experiential Family Therapy
Sketches of Leading Figures
Theoretical Formulations
Normal Family Development
Development of Behavior Disorders
Goals of Therapy
Conditions for Behavior Change
Techniques
Evaluating Therapy Theory and Results
Summary
Recommended Readings
References
7. Psychoanalytical Family Therapy
Sketches of Leading Figures
Theoretical Formulations
Freudian Drive Psychology
Self Psychology
Object Relations Theory
Normal Family Development
Development of Behavior Disorders
Goals of Therapy
Conditions for Behavior Change
Techniques
Evaluating Therapy Theory and Results
Summary
Recommended Readings
References
8. Structural Family Therapy
Sketches of Leading Figures
Theoretical Formulations
Normal Family Development
Development of Behavior Disorders
Goals of Therapy
Conditions for Behavior Change
Techniques
Joining and Accommodating
Working with Interaction
Diagnosing
Highlighting and Modifying Interactions
Boundary Making
Unbalancing
Challenging Unproductive Assumptions
Evaluating Therapy Theory and Results
Summary
Recommended Readings
References
9. Cognitive-Behavioral Family Therapy
Sketches of Leading Figures
Theoretical Formulations
Normal Family Development
Development of Behavior Disorders
Goals of Therapy
Conditions for Behavior Change
Techniques
Behavioral Parent Training
Behavioral Couples Therapy
The Cognitive-Behavioral Approach to Family Therapy
Treatment of Sexual Dysfunction
Evaluating Therapy Theory and Results
Summary
Recommended Readings
References
10. Family Therapy Enters the Twenty-First Century
Erosion of Boundaries
Postmodernism
Constructivism
Collaborative, Conversational Approaches
The
Hermeneutic Tradition
Social Constructionism
The Narrative Revolution
Family Therapy’s Answers to Managed Care:
Solution-Focused Therapy
Feminism and Family Therapy
The Apolitical Machine
Mother Blaming
Looking through the Lens of Gender
Family Violence
Multiclturism
Race
Poverty and Social Class
Gay and Lesbian Issues
Spirituality
Tailoring Treatments to Populations and
Problems
Empirically Based Treatment Programs
Medical Family Therapy and Psychoeducation
Psychoeducation and Schizophrenia
Medical Family Therapy
The Self in the System
Managed Care
Conclusions
Recommended Readings
References
11. From Strategic to Solution-Focused: The Evolution of Brief Therapy
The MRI, Strategic, and Milan Systemic
Models
Sketches of Leading Figures
Theoretical Formulations
Normal Family Development
Development of Behavior Disorders
Goals of Therapy
Conditions for Behavior Change
Techniques
The MRI Approach
Haley and Madanes Approach
The Milan Model
Other Contributions
Evaluating Therapy Theory and Results
Summary
Solution-Focused Therapy
Sketches of Leading Figures
Theoretical Formulations
Normal Family Development
Development of Behavior Disorders
Goals of Therapy
Conditions for Behavior Change
Techniques
The Woman Who Was Stronger Than She Thought
Evaluating Therapy Theory and Result
Summary
Recommended Readings
References
12. Narrative Therapy
Sketches of Leading Figures
Theoretical Formulations
Normal Family Development
Development of Behavior Disorders
Goals of Therapy
Conditions for Behavior Change
Techniques
Beginning Therapy
Externalizing: The Person is Not the Problem
Who’s in Charge, the Person is Not the Problem?
Reading between the Lines of the Problem Story
Reauthoring the Whole Story
Reinforcing the New Story
Deconstructing Dominant Cultural Discourses
Enriching the Story —Telling and Retelling
A Case of Sneaky Poo
Evaluating Therapy Theory and Results
A Therapy of Social Justice
Summary
Recommended Readings
References
13. Integrative Models
Eclecticism
Selective Borrowing
Specially Designed Integrative Models
Models Designed to Increase Comprehensiveness
Models That Combine Two Distinct Approaches
Models Designed for Specific Clinical Problems
The
Internal Family Systems Model
Subpersonalities or “Parts”
The Self as Healer
Identifying Parts and Using Parts Language
Reassuring the Rag Doll
Summary
Recommended Readings
References
14. Comparative Analysis
Theoretical Purity and Technical Eclecticism
Family Therapist—Artist or Scientist?
Theoretical Formulations
Families as Systems
Stability and Change
Past or Present
Communication
Process/Content
Monadic, Dyadic, or Triadic Model
The Nuclear Family in Context
The Personal as Political
Boundaries
Normal Family Development
Development of Behavior Disorders
Inflexible Systems
The Function of Symptoms
Underlying Dynamics
Pathological Triangles
Goals of Therapy
Conditions for Behavior Change
Action or Insight?
Change in the Session or Change at Home
Duration of Treatment
Resistance
Family-Therapist Relationship
Techniques
Who to Invite
Treatment Team
Entering the Family System
Assessment
Decisive Interventions
Context and Applicability if the Schools of Family Therapy
Selection of a Theoretical Position: Rational and Irrational Factors
Summary
Recommended Readings
References
15. Family Therapy Research: Science into Practice, Practice into Science
How
Effective is Family Therapy?
Overall Efficacy of Family Therapy
Family Therapy for Adult Disorders
Family Therapy for Children’s Disorders
Family Therapy for Interpersonal Problems
What Makes Family Therapy Effective?
The Therapeutic Relationship
The Process of Change
Implications
Practice into Science
References
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